What is Varicose Veins?

It is a vein (vein or vein) disease.

There are two main venous systems in the legs. One of these is the deep venous system, which carries 90% of the venous blood coming from the skin, muscles and bones of the leg. They are called the deep venous system because they travel between the muscles and the bone. The other is the superficial venous system. It is responsible for transporting blood from the skin and subcutaneous tissue. There are bridging veins known as perforating veins between the superficial venous system and the deep venous system. Superficial, deep, and perforating veins have valves. The valves prevent the blood from being directed downward, and the valves in the perforating veins prevent its passage from the deep venous system to the superficial venous system. The superficial venous system connects with the deep venous system at the level of the groin, and in case of insufficiency of the valve in this region, which we call the saphenofemoral junction, the pressure in the deep venous system is reflected to the superficial venous system. Venous insufficiency is classified as deep, superficial and perfonar venous insufficiency. Varicose veins develop only in the superficial veins because there is no formation around the walls of the superficial veins against the increased pressure, they begin to expand and grow directly under the skin. Some patients do not develop varicose veins despite the presence of venous insufficiency. The cause of varicose veins is thought to be a weak vein wall. In varicose veins, the vein wall enlarges, the diameter becomes thinner, the valves move away from each other and leakage begins to occur. In progressive venous insufficiency, as a result of the increase in pressure in the veins, the pores in the vein walls expand, the water part of the blood, the protein part we call plasma, and the red blood cells go out of the vessel, and some changes occur in the skin, especially in the distance between the ankle and the knee. The skin gradually becomes brownish-brown and hardens. Even with minor traumas, non-healing wounds occur on the skin.

Treatment Options

1- Surgery,

2- Endovenous Laser

3- Sclerotherapy is done in 3 ways.

In surgical treatment, varicose veins are removed with a special wire by entering a few cm incisions in the ankle and groin.

In endovenous treatment, a special catheter is sent into the vein without incision under ultrasound guidance, the vein is burned from the inside using radiofrequency or laser energy, and the varicose vein is removed. The procedure is performed with local anesthesia (only the catheter entry area of ​​the skin) and the patient can continue his normal life in a few hours. In sclerotherapy, a sclerosing (drying) substance is injected into the varicose vein and it destroys the varicose vein by toxic effect on the vein, and this vein becomes invisible over time.